A vector pest is an insect or rodent that serves as a carrier or transmitter of disease-causing microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, or parasites, from one host to another. These pests play a crucial role in the spread of various diseases among humans, animals, and plants. Common examples of vector insects include mosquitoes, which can transmit diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus; ticks, which can carry Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain spotted fever; and fleas, which can transmit the bacterium responsible for bubonic plague. Vector control measures are essential in preventing the transmission of diseases by these insects.